What is the primary function of EDTA in forensic science?

The primary function of EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) in forensic science is as a preservative and anticoagulant. EDTA works by binding to metal ions in the blood, which prevents coagulation. This property is crucial when collecting and preserving blood samples for analysis, ensuring that the samples remain viable and uncontaminated for accurate testing. By preventing clotting, EDTA allows for a more accurate examination of blood characteristics, which can be essential for investigations, especially when determining the presence of blood at a crime scene or conducting toxicological analyses.

Other choices do not relate directly to the primary role of EDTA in forensic science. For example, using EDTA as a blood pattern analysis enhancer, detecting chemical reactions, or as a temperature stabilizer does not align with its established functions in forensic contexts. Thus, the role of EDTA as a preservative and anticoagulant is both essential and specific to its application in forensic science.