What is Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy used for?

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is primarily utilized in forensic science for the confirmation and identification of various chemical substances, making it a definitive analytical technique. In the context of crime scene investigation, FTIR allows forensic analysts to obtain detailed identification of materials, including polymers, drugs, and residues, by measuring their infrared absorption spectra. These spectra are unique to specific molecular structures, enabling analysts to confirm the presence of a substance based on comparison with known reference materials.

The method's ability to generate a precise molecular fingerprint is what distinguishes it as a confirmation identification method. This characteristic is vital in forensic investigations, where accurately identifying substances can be crucial in linking evidence to suspects or crime scenes.

In contrast, options that designate FTIR as a general observation tool or a preliminary investigation method do not effectively capture its purpose; FTIR goes beyond mere observation by providing quantitative data and structural identification. Similarly, identifying something related to insurance claims does not align with the primary applications of FTIR, which is strictly focused on chemical analysis rather than financial assessment or evaluation.